Alleviating social and economic inequality? The role of Social Enterprises in Thailand

Varaporn Pothipala, Prae Keerasuntonpong, Carolyn J. Cordery

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: Thailand is a developing economy underpinned by high levels of wealth inequality and an ingrained patronage culture. This research aims to examine how social enterprises (SEs) have been encouraged in Thailand in recent years as “micro-level challenges” to capitalism and their potential impact in addressing inequality. Design/methodology/approach: Through analysing policy documents and consultations, this paper traces the development of Thai policies intended to encourage SEs’ development. Additionally, the paper uses case study interviews and documents to demonstrate how SEs tackle inequality. From these, a framework is developed, outlining SEs’ roles and interventions to reduce inequality. Findings: Thailand’s new policy is in contrast to those countries where SEs face policy neglect. Nevertheless, government has been slow to embed processes to encourage new SEs. Despite SEs’ “challenge” to capitalism, listed companies are increasingly providing in-kind and financial support. The case study data shows SEs reduce inequality as they work with rural citizens to increase their employment and incomes. This work may also contribute to diminishing rural citizens’ dependency on political patronage. Research limitations/implications: While SEs can address inequality gaps, the research includes only existing SEs on specific lists. Nevertheless, the Thai experience will be useful to other developing countries, especially those beset by political patronage. Originality/value: The research shows legislation is insufficient to support SE growth and inequality reduction. The framework highlights the need for both government policy attention and interventions from donors and companies to support SEs’ efforts.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)50-70
Number of pages21
JournalJournal of Accounting and Organizational Change
Volume17
Issue number1
Early online date26 Nov 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 4 Mar 2021

Bibliographical note

© 2020 Emerald Publishing. This AAM is deposited under the CC BY-NC 4.0 licence. Any reuse is allowed in accordance with the terms outlined by the licence. To reuse the AAM for commercial purposes, permission should be sought by contacting [email protected].

Keywords

  • Inequality
  • Patronage governance
  • Social enterprise
  • Thai social class

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