Evaluation of 100G DP-QPSK long-haul transmission performance using second order co-pumped Raman laser based amplification

Mingming Tan, Paweł Rosa, Thai Son Le, Ian D. Phillips, Paul Harper

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

We present, for the first time, a detailed investigation of the impact of second order co-propagating Raman pumping on long-haul 100G WDM DP-QPSK coherent transmission of up to 7082 km using Raman fibre laser based configurations. Signal power and noise distributions along the fibre for each pumping scheme were characterised both numerically and experimentally. Based on these pumping schemes, the Q factor penalties versus co-pump power ratios were experimentally measured and quantified. A significant Q factor penalty of up to 4.15 dB was observed after 1666 km using symmetric bidirectional pumping, compared with counter-pumping only. Our results show that whilst using co-pumping minimises the intra-cavity signal power variation and amplification noise, the Q factor penalty with co-pumping was too great for any advantage to be seen. The relative intensity noise (RIN) characteristics of the induced fibre laser and the output signal, and the intra-cavity RF spectra of the fibre laser are also presented. We attribute the Q factor degradation to RIN induced penalty due to RIN being transferred from the first order fibre laser and second order co-pump to the signal. More importantly, there were two different fibre lasing regimes contributing to the amplification. It was random distributed feedback lasing when using counter-pumping only and conventional Fabry-Perot cavity lasing when using all bidirectional pumping schemes. This also results in significantly different performances due to different laser cavity lengths for these two classes of laser.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)22181-22189
Number of pages9
JournalOptics Express
Volume23
Issue number17
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 14 Aug 2015

Bibliographical note

© 2015 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited.

Funding: EPSRC Programme Grant UNLOC (EP/J017582/1); and Marie Skłodowska-Curie IF “CHAOS” (No. 658982).

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