IMI – Interventions myopia institute: Interventions for controlling myopia onset and progression report

Christine F. Wildsoet*, Audrey Chia, Pauline Cho, Jeremy A. Guggenheim, Jan Roelof Polling, Scott Read, Padmaja Sankaridurg, Seang Mei Saw, Klaus Trier, Jeffrey J. Walline, Pei Chang Wu, James S. Wolffsohn

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Myopia has been predicted to affect approximately 50% of the world’s population based on trending myopia prevalence figures. Critical to minimizing the associated adverse visual consequences of complicating ocular pathologies are interventions to prevent or delay the onset of myopia, slow its progression, and to address the problem of mechanical instability of highly myopic eyes. Although treatment approaches are growing in number, evidence of treatment efficacy is variable. This article reviews research behind such interventions under four categories: optical, pharmacological, environmental (behavioral), and surgical. In summarizing the evidence of efficacy, results from randomized controlled trials have been given most weight, although such data are very limited for some treatments. The overall conclusion of this review is that there are multiple avenues for intervention worthy of exploration in all categories, although in the case of optical, pharmacological, and behavioral interventions for preventing or slowing progression of myopia, treatment efficacy at an individual level appears quite variable, with no one treatment being 100% effective in all patients. Further research is critical to understanding the factors underlying such variability and underlying mechanisms, to guide recommendations for combined treatments. There is also room for research into novel treatment options.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)M106-M131
JournalInvestigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
Volume60
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 28 Feb 2019

Bibliographical note

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License

Keywords

  • Behavioral
  • Myopia control
  • Optical
  • Pharmacological
  • Surgical

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