TY - JOUR
T1 - Is pupil diameter influenced by refractive error?
AU - Orr, Janis B.
AU - Seidel, Dirk
AU - Day, Mhairi
AU - Gray, Lyle S.
PY - 2015/7/31
Y1 - 2015/7/31
N2 - Purpose: To investigate the relationship between pupil
diameter and refractive error and how refractive correction, target
luminance, and accommodation modulate this relationship.
Methods: Sixty emmetropic, myopic, and hyperopic
subjects (age range, 18 to 35 years) viewed an illuminated target
(luminance: 10, 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, and 4100 cd/m2)
within a Badal optical system, at 0 diopters (D) and −3 D vergence, with
and without refractive correction. Refractive error was corrected using
daily disposable contact lenses. Pupil diameter and accommodation were
recorded continuously using a commercially available photorefractor.
Results: No significant difference in pupil diameter
was found between the refractive groups at 0 D or −3 D target vergence,
in the corrected or uncorrected conditions. As expected, pupil diameter
decreased with increasing luminance. Target vergence had no significant
influence on pupil diameter. In the corrected condition, at 0 D target
vergence, the accommodation response was similar in all refractive
groups. At −3 D target vergence, the emmetropic and myopic groups
accommodated significantly more than the hyperopic group at all
luminance levels. There was no correlation between accommodation
response and pupil diameter or refractive error in any refractive group.
In the uncorrected condition, the accommodation response was
significantly greater in the hyperopic group than in the myopic group at
all luminance levels, particularly for near viewing. In the hyperopic
group, the accommodation response was significantly correlated with
refractive error but not pupil diameter. In the myopic group,
accommodation response level was not correlated with refractive error or
pupil diameter.
Conclusions: Refractive error has no influence on
pupil diameter, irrespective of refractive correction or accommodative
demand. This suggests that the pupil is controlled by the pupillary
light reflex and is not driven by retinal blur.
AB - Purpose: To investigate the relationship between pupil
diameter and refractive error and how refractive correction, target
luminance, and accommodation modulate this relationship.
Methods: Sixty emmetropic, myopic, and hyperopic
subjects (age range, 18 to 35 years) viewed an illuminated target
(luminance: 10, 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, and 4100 cd/m2)
within a Badal optical system, at 0 diopters (D) and −3 D vergence, with
and without refractive correction. Refractive error was corrected using
daily disposable contact lenses. Pupil diameter and accommodation were
recorded continuously using a commercially available photorefractor.
Results: No significant difference in pupil diameter
was found between the refractive groups at 0 D or −3 D target vergence,
in the corrected or uncorrected conditions. As expected, pupil diameter
decreased with increasing luminance. Target vergence had no significant
influence on pupil diameter. In the corrected condition, at 0 D target
vergence, the accommodation response was similar in all refractive
groups. At −3 D target vergence, the emmetropic and myopic groups
accommodated significantly more than the hyperopic group at all
luminance levels. There was no correlation between accommodation
response and pupil diameter or refractive error in any refractive group.
In the uncorrected condition, the accommodation response was
significantly greater in the hyperopic group than in the myopic group at
all luminance levels, particularly for near viewing. In the hyperopic
group, the accommodation response was significantly correlated with
refractive error but not pupil diameter. In the myopic group,
accommodation response level was not correlated with refractive error or
pupil diameter.
Conclusions: Refractive error has no influence on
pupil diameter, irrespective of refractive correction or accommodative
demand. This suggests that the pupil is controlled by the pupillary
light reflex and is not driven by retinal blur.
KW - ocular accommodation
KW - myopia
KW - optical quality
KW - pupil
KW - refractive errors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84934296537&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000627
DO - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000627
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84934296537
SN - 1040-5488
VL - 92
SP - 834
EP - 840
JO - Optometry and Vision Science
JF - Optometry and Vision Science
IS - 7
ER -