TY - JOUR
T1 - Modification of fecal microbiota as a mediator of effective weight loss and metabolic benefits following bariatric surgery
AU - Oduro-Donkor, Dominic
AU - Turner, Mark C
AU - Farnaud, Sebastien
AU - Renshaw, Derek
AU - Kyrou, Ioannis
AU - Hanson, Petra
AU - Hattersley, John
AU - Weickert, Martin O
AU - Menon, Vinod
AU - Randeva, Harpal S
AU - Barber, Thomas M
PY - 2020/9/2
Y1 - 2020/9/2
N2 - Introduction: Bariatric surgery (primarily Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy [LSG] and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass [RYGB]) is an efficacious and durable therapeutic option for weight loss in obesity. The mechanisms that mediate weight loss following bariatric surgery remain incompletely understood. Areas covered: Pubmed search of published data on fecal microbiota, metabolic health, LSG, and RYGB. The fecal microbiome plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of metabolic wellbeing, and may also contribute (through fecal dysbiosis) to metabolic dysfunction. LSG and RYGB both result in characteristic, procedure-specific changes to the fecal microbiota that may mediate at least some of the resultant weight-loss and metabolically beneficial effects, when applied to the management of obesity. Expert opinion: The human fecal microbiome, containing around 100 trillion microbes, evolved over millions of years and interacts symbiotically with its human host. Rodent-based studies have provided insights into the complexities of the gut-microbiome-brain axis. This includes the important role of the gut microbiome in the mediation of normal immunological development, inflammatory pathways, metabolic functioning, hypothalamic appetite regulation, and the absorption of essential nutrients as by-products of bacterial metabolism. Fecal transformation is likely to provide an important therapeutic target for future prevention and management of obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
AB - Introduction: Bariatric surgery (primarily Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy [LSG] and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass [RYGB]) is an efficacious and durable therapeutic option for weight loss in obesity. The mechanisms that mediate weight loss following bariatric surgery remain incompletely understood. Areas covered: Pubmed search of published data on fecal microbiota, metabolic health, LSG, and RYGB. The fecal microbiome plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of metabolic wellbeing, and may also contribute (through fecal dysbiosis) to metabolic dysfunction. LSG and RYGB both result in characteristic, procedure-specific changes to the fecal microbiota that may mediate at least some of the resultant weight-loss and metabolically beneficial effects, when applied to the management of obesity. Expert opinion: The human fecal microbiome, containing around 100 trillion microbes, evolved over millions of years and interacts symbiotically with its human host. Rodent-based studies have provided insights into the complexities of the gut-microbiome-brain axis. This includes the important role of the gut microbiome in the mediation of normal immunological development, inflammatory pathways, metabolic functioning, hypothalamic appetite regulation, and the absorption of essential nutrients as by-products of bacterial metabolism. Fecal transformation is likely to provide an important therapeutic target for future prevention and management of obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
KW - Fecal microbiota
KW - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
KW - bariatric surgery
KW - incretins
KW - microbiome
KW - obesity
KW - sleeve gastrectomy
UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17446651.2020.1801412?journalCode=iere20
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089782285&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/17446651.2020.1801412
DO - 10.1080/17446651.2020.1801412
M3 - Review article
SN - 1744-6651
VL - 15
SP - 363
EP - 373
JO - Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
JF - Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
IS - 5
ER -