NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 Reduces Obesogenic Diet Induced Inflammation in Mice Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue

Seley Gharanei, Manjunath Ramanjaneya, Aaran Hitesh Patel, Vanlata Patel, Kiran Shabir, Callum Auld, Emmanouil Karteris, Ioannis Kyrou*, Harpal Singh Randeva*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Excess adipose tissue accumulation and obesity are characterised by chronic, low-grade, systemic inflammation. Nestfatin-1 is a neuropeptide derived from the precursor protein nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2), which was initially reported to exert anorexigenic effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of an obesogenic diet (OD; high-fat, high-sugar) in NUCB2 knockout (KO) mice and of nesfatin-1 treatment in LPS-stimulated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Methods: Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (Sc-WAT) samples from wild type (WT) and NUCB2 KO mice that were fed a normal diet (ND), or the OD for 12 weeks were used for RNA and protein extraction, as well as immunohistochemistry. 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 100 nM nesfatin-1 during differentiation and stimulated with 1 µg/mL LPS for measuring the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, Bioplex, and ELISA. Results: Following the OD, the mRNA, protein and cellular expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (Tnfα, Il-6, Il-1β, Adgre1, Mcp1, TLR4, Hmbgb1 and NF-kB) significantly increased in the ScWAT of NUCB2 KO mice compared to ND controls. Adiponectin and Nrf2 expression significantly decreased in the ScWAT of OD-fed NUCB2 KO, without changes in the OD-fed WT mice. Furthermore, nesfatin-1 treatment in LPS-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells significantly reduced the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Tnfα, Il-6, Il-1β, Mcp1) and hmgb1. Conclusion: An obesogenic diet can induce significant inflammation in the ScWAT of NUCB2 KO mice, involving the HMGB1, NRF2 and NF-kB pathways, while nesfatin-1 reduces the pro-inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells. These findings provide a novel insight into the metabolic regulation of inflammation in WAT.
Original languageEnglish
Article number1409
JournalNutrients
Volume14
Issue number7
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 28 Mar 2022

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© 2022 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
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Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
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4.0/).

Keywords

  • adipose tissue
  • inflammation
  • nesfatin-1/NUCB2
  • high-fat high-sugar diet
  • obesogenic diet
  • obesity
  • NF-κB
  • HMGB1

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