School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach

Victoria Williamson; Michael Larkin; Tessa Reardon; Samantha Pearcey; Roberta Button; Iheoma Green; Claire Hill; Paul Stallard; Susan H Spence; Maria Breen; Ian Mcdonald; Obioha Ukoumunne; Tamsin Ford; Mara Violato; Falko Sniehotta; Jason Stainer; Alastair Gray; Paul Brown; Michelle Sancho; Fran Morgan; Bec Jasper; Cathy Creswell

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058089

School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach

Victoria Williamson, Michael Larkin^*, Tessa Reardon, Samantha Pearcey, Roberta Button, Iheoma Green, Claire Hill, Paul Stallard, Susan H Spence, Maria Breen, Ian Mcdonald, Obioha Ukoumunne, Tamsin Ford, Mara Violato, Falko Sniehotta, Jason Stainer, Alastair Gray, Paul Brown, Michelle Sancho, Fran MorganBec Jasper, Cathy Creswell

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objectives: A very small proportion of children with anxiety problems receive evidence-based treatment. Barriers to access include difficulties with problem identification, concerns about stigma and a lack of clarity about how to access specialist services and their limited availability. A school-based programme that integrates screening to identify those children who are most likely to be experiencing anxiety problems with the offer of intervention has the potential to overcome many of these barriers. This article is a process-based account of how we used codesign to develop a primary school-based screening and intervention programme for child anxiety problems. Design: Codesign. Setting: UK primary schools. Participants: Data were collected from year 4 children (aged 8–9 years), parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Results: We report how the developed programme was experienced and perceived by a range of users, including parents, children, school staff and mental health practitioners, as well as how the programme was adapted following user feedback. Conclusions: We reflect on the mitigation techniques we employed, the lessons learnt from the codesign process and give recommendations that may inform the development and implementation of future school-based screening and intervention programmes.

Original language	English
Article number	e058089
Journal	BMJ Open
Volume	12
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058089
Publication status	Published - 21 Jun 2022

Bibliographical note

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Keywords

Mental health
1506
1712
education & training (see Medical Education & Training)
mental health
paediatrics
Behavior Therapy
Parents/psychology
Humans
Anxiety/diagnosis
Child Behavior Disorders
Child
Schools

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bmjopen-2021-058089.pdf
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Cite this

Williamson, V., Larkin, M., Reardon, T., Pearcey, S., Button, R., Green, I., Hill, C., Stallard, P., Spence, S. H., Breen, M., Mcdonald, I., Ukoumunne, O., Ford, T., Violato, M., Sniehotta, F., Stainer, J., Gray, A., Brown, P., Sancho, M., ... Creswell, C. (2022). School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach. BMJ Open, 12(6), Article e058089. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058089

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title = "School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach",

abstract = "Objectives: A very small proportion of children with anxiety problems receive evidence-based treatment. Barriers to access include difficulties with problem identification, concerns about stigma and a lack of clarity about how to access specialist services and their limited availability. A school-based programme that integrates screening to identify those children who are most likely to be experiencing anxiety problems with the offer of intervention has the potential to overcome many of these barriers. This article is a process-based account of how we used codesign to develop a primary school-based screening and intervention programme for child anxiety problems. Design: Codesign. Setting: UK primary schools. Participants: Data were collected from year 4 children (aged 8–9 years), parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Results: We report how the developed programme was experienced and perceived by a range of users, including parents, children, school staff and mental health practitioners, as well as how the programme was adapted following user feedback. Conclusions: We reflect on the mitigation techniques we employed, the lessons learnt from the codesign process and give recommendations that may inform the development and implementation of future school-based screening and intervention programmes.",

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Williamson, V, Larkin, M, Reardon, T, Pearcey, S, Button, R, Green, I, Hill, C, Stallard, P, Spence, SH, Breen, M, Mcdonald, I, Ukoumunne, O, Ford, T, Violato, M, Sniehotta, F, Stainer, J, Gray, A, Brown, P, Sancho, M, Morgan, F, Jasper, B & Creswell, C 2022, 'School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach', BMJ Open, vol. 12, no. 6, e058089. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058089

TY - JOUR

T1 - School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach

AU - Williamson, Victoria

AU - Larkin, Michael

AU - Reardon, Tessa

AU - Pearcey, Samantha

AU - Button, Roberta

AU - Green, Iheoma

AU - Hill, Claire

AU - Stallard, Paul

AU - Spence, Susan H

AU - Breen, Maria

AU - Mcdonald, Ian

AU - Ukoumunne, Obioha

AU - Ford, Tamsin

AU - Violato, Mara

AU - Sniehotta, Falko

AU - Stainer, Jason

AU - Gray, Alastair

AU - Brown, Paul

AU - Sancho, Michelle

AU - Morgan, Fran

AU - Jasper, Bec

AU - Creswell, Cathy

N1 - © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PY - 2022/6/21

Y1 - 2022/6/21

N2 - Objectives: A very small proportion of children with anxiety problems receive evidence-based treatment. Barriers to access include difficulties with problem identification, concerns about stigma and a lack of clarity about how to access specialist services and their limited availability. A school-based programme that integrates screening to identify those children who are most likely to be experiencing anxiety problems with the offer of intervention has the potential to overcome many of these barriers. This article is a process-based account of how we used codesign to develop a primary school-based screening and intervention programme for child anxiety problems. Design: Codesign. Setting: UK primary schools. Participants: Data were collected from year 4 children (aged 8–9 years), parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Results: We report how the developed programme was experienced and perceived by a range of users, including parents, children, school staff and mental health practitioners, as well as how the programme was adapted following user feedback. Conclusions: We reflect on the mitigation techniques we employed, the lessons learnt from the codesign process and give recommendations that may inform the development and implementation of future school-based screening and intervention programmes.

AB - Objectives: A very small proportion of children with anxiety problems receive evidence-based treatment. Barriers to access include difficulties with problem identification, concerns about stigma and a lack of clarity about how to access specialist services and their limited availability. A school-based programme that integrates screening to identify those children who are most likely to be experiencing anxiety problems with the offer of intervention has the potential to overcome many of these barriers. This article is a process-based account of how we used codesign to develop a primary school-based screening and intervention programme for child anxiety problems. Design: Codesign. Setting: UK primary schools. Participants: Data were collected from year 4 children (aged 8–9 years), parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Results: We report how the developed programme was experienced and perceived by a range of users, including parents, children, school staff and mental health practitioners, as well as how the programme was adapted following user feedback. Conclusions: We reflect on the mitigation techniques we employed, the lessons learnt from the codesign process and give recommendations that may inform the development and implementation of future school-based screening and intervention programmes.

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KW - paediatrics

KW - Behavior Therapy

KW - Parents/psychology

KW - Humans

KW - Anxiety/diagnosis

KW - Child Behavior Disorders

KW - Child

KW - Schools

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JO - BMJ Open

JF - BMJ Open

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M1 - e058089

ER -

School-based screening for childhood anxiety problems and intervention delivery: a codesign approach

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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