Abstract
Sulfate-based lipids (SL) have been proposed as players in inflammation, immunity and infection. In spite of the many biochemical processes linked to SL, analysis on this class of lipids has only focused on specific SL sub-classes in individual fluids or cells leaving a range of additional SL in other biological samples unaccounted for.
This study describes the mass spectrometry screening of SL in lipid extracts of human fluids (saliva, plasma, urine, seminal fluid) and primary human cells (RBC, neutrophils, fibroblasts and skin epidermal) using targeted precursor ion scanning (PIS) approach. The PIS 97 mass spectra reveal a wide diversity of SL including steroid sulfates, sulfoglycolipids and other unidentified SL, as well as metabolites such as taurines, sulfated polyphenols and hypurate conjugates. Semi-quantification of SL revealed that plasma exhibited the highest content of SL whereas seminal fluid and epithelial cells contained the highest sulphur to phosphorous (S/P) ratio.
The complexity of biofluids and cells sulfateome presented in this study highlight the importance of expanding the panel of synthetic sulfate-based lipid standards. Also, the heterogenous distribution of SL provides evidence for the interplay of sulfotransferases/sulfatases opening new avenues for biomarker discovery in oral health, cardiovascular, fertility and dermatology research areas.
This study describes the mass spectrometry screening of SL in lipid extracts of human fluids (saliva, plasma, urine, seminal fluid) and primary human cells (RBC, neutrophils, fibroblasts and skin epidermal) using targeted precursor ion scanning (PIS) approach. The PIS 97 mass spectra reveal a wide diversity of SL including steroid sulfates, sulfoglycolipids and other unidentified SL, as well as metabolites such as taurines, sulfated polyphenols and hypurate conjugates. Semi-quantification of SL revealed that plasma exhibited the highest content of SL whereas seminal fluid and epithelial cells contained the highest sulphur to phosphorous (S/P) ratio.
The complexity of biofluids and cells sulfateome presented in this study highlight the importance of expanding the panel of synthetic sulfate-based lipid standards. Also, the heterogenous distribution of SL provides evidence for the interplay of sulfotransferases/sulfatases opening new avenues for biomarker discovery in oral health, cardiovascular, fertility and dermatology research areas.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 53-64 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Chemistry and Physics of Lipids |
| Volume | 221 |
| Early online date | 22 Mar 2019 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jul 2019 |
Bibliographical note
© 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Funding: Kidney Research Foundation PDF3/2014. Portuguese National Funds (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000011). QOPNA (UID/QUI/00062/2013). Austrian Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs and the Austrian National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development. FEDER funds through the “Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização- COMPETE 2020” and the National Funds through the FCT- Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia. ISCIII- FIS PI16-00471 and CIBERDEM. Projects PTDB/BBB-BQB/3804/2014. iBiMED (UID/BIM/04501/2013 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007628 (SFRH/BPD/123155/2016).
Keywords
- Cholesterol sulfate
- Electronegative LDL
- Hypurate conjugates
- Polyphenol metabolites
- Seminal fluid
- Sulfoglycolipids
- Taurine conjugates