Understanding the effect of indoor air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of evidence

Enemona Emmanuel Adaji; Winifred Ekezie; Michael Clifford; Revati Phalkey

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3769-1

Understanding the effect of indoor air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of evidence

Enemona Emmanuel Adaji^*, Winifred Ekezie, Michael Clifford, Revati Phalkey

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

Exposure to indoor air pollution increases the risk of pneumonia in children, accounting for about a million deaths globally. This study investigates the individual effect of solid fuel, carbon monoxide (CO), black carbon (BC) and particulate matter (PM) _2.5 on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries. A systematic review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed and grey full-text documents without restrictions to study design, language or year of publication using nine databases (Embase, PubMed, EBSCO/CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, WHO Library Database (WHOLIS), Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)-WHO and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Exposure to solid fuel use showed a significant association to childhood pneumonia. Exposure to CO showed no association to childhood pneumonia. PM _2.5 did not show any association when physically measured, whilst eight studies that used solid fuel as a proxy for PM _2.5 all reported significant associations. This review highlights the need to standardise measurement of exposure and outcome variables when investigating the effect of air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5. Future studies should account for BC, PM ₁ and the interaction between indoor and outdoor pollution and its cumulative impact on childhood pneumonia.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3208-3225
Number of pages	18
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume	26
Issue number	4
Early online date	19 Dec 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3769-1
Publication status	Published - 8 Feb 2019

Bibliographical note

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Keywords

Black carbon
Carbon monoxide
Children under 5
Indoor air pollution
Low- and middle-income countries
Particulate matter
Pneumonia

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title = "Understanding the effect of indoor air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of evidence",

abstract = " Exposure to indoor air pollution increases the risk of pneumonia in children, accounting for about a million deaths globally. This study investigates the individual effect of solid fuel, carbon monoxide (CO), black carbon (BC) and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries. A systematic review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed and grey full-text documents without restrictions to study design, language or year of publication using nine databases (Embase, PubMed, EBSCO/CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, WHO Library Database (WHOLIS), Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)-WHO and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Exposure to solid fuel use showed a significant association to childhood pneumonia. Exposure to CO showed no association to childhood pneumonia. PM 2.5 did not show any association when physically measured, whilst eight studies that used solid fuel as a proxy for PM 2.5 all reported significant associations. This review highlights the need to standardise measurement of exposure and outcome variables when investigating the effect of air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5. Future studies should account for BC, PM 1 and the interaction between indoor and outdoor pollution and its cumulative impact on childhood pneumonia.",

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Understanding the effect of indoor air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of evidence. / Adaji, Enemona Emmanuel; Ekezie, Winifred; Clifford, Michael et al.
In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 26, No. 4, 08.02.2019, p. 3208-3225.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

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JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

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Understanding the effect of indoor air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of evidence

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